The kind of geometry you usually learn at school is called "plane geometry". It's the geometry of flat surfaces, and it comes with its own set of rules, or axioms, which define how the system works, and what you can and can't do in order to solve problems. At school you usually learn about plain geometry through challenges where you're asked to solve some problem just using a drawing compass and a special unmarked ruler called a straight edge. Classic puzzles include how to split an angle or a line exactly in two, or how to draw a perfect equilateral triangle.